War tears most things apart
War tears most things apart. But in the case of Jack and Eileen Breedlove, it was war that brought them together, wearing the uniforms and standing up for the cause of their respective nations, America and England. Jack hailed from Toxaway, then a quiet mountain village, where he was born on a snowy April morning and grew up in robust good health, never sick a single day. Graduating in 1937, he was selected as high school Valedictorian. He went to work in the forest and eventually landed a great job with Duke Power. Fortune seemed to be smiling on him. He even owned a car.
But there were rumors of war. A sense of duty, the lure of adventure, practical considerations, the decisions made by friends — all had their sway. In the summer of 1940, Jack drove to Charlotte and enlisted in the U.S. Army. After basic training he saw an opportunity to become an Army Air Force Radio Operator. He applied successfully, soon training in Illinois. Upon graduation, Jack was assigned to fly as Radio Operator and Gunner on the Martin B-10 bomber, one of the fastest and most advanced aircraft in the sky.

Jack on the right, standing.

Martin B-1 Bomber, one of the fastest aircraft in the sky
A young woman of 19
Meanwhile, Eileen Friars, a young woman of 19, lived in England, already a nation at war for more than two years. Her younger brother, suffering from polio, and her sister had been sent away to live in the safer countryside. Rationing was a way of life. Bombing was a way of life, particularly night after night in bomb shelters, emerging with daylight to face the latest damage, destruction, and death. Especially during The Blitz, eight months of relentless bombing unleashed upon London and other British cities. And on one of those mornings, Eileen and her family emerged to find their home among the lost.
Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS)
So motivated and coming of age, Eileen volunteered for the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS), the women’s branch of the British Army during WWII. The ATS offered the most direct and vital role in the war effort open to Eileen as a woman. Initially, the roles assigned to women were mostly supportive. Eileen worked as a stenographer.
Eileen served with a searchlight troop
American forces arrive
The first American forces arrived in Britain in late January 1942. General Eisenhower was in London by June, and in August the first all-American air attack on Europe was flown. By October, Jack’s boots touched British soil and he was away from his home and country for the first time. He was among the earliest members of the “Mighty” 8th Air Force, flying missions over Europe as a Radio Operator and Gunner.

Eileen Friars

Britain’s ATS in formation

An ATS searchlight troop
Two million young American servicemen
The U.S. Army was not unaware that flooding England with two million young American servicemen constituted a social invasion of sorts. In a land of severe rationing, the Yanks were well supplied with chocolate, gum, sweets — even nylon stockings. GI’s received a 38-page pamphlet titled A Short Guide to Great Britain. The War Department sent anthropologist Margaret Mead to study British courtship habits. The island of Great Britain was packed with young people for whom the shadow of war could not eclipse the need for some adventures and fun.
Two such young adults, wearing the uniforms of their allied nations, Jack and Eileen met in an English Sergeants’ Mess one evening in October. Both enjoyed strong family ties and a good Christian upbringing. Jack was flying dangerous missions over Europe and Eileen was to depart soon for ATS officers training school at the University of Edinburgh. Eileen regularly claimed that “I do NOT date Yanks!” Nevertheless, four months later, on February 2, 1943, shortly after Eileen’s 21st birthday, Jack and Eileen bound their future in marriage with a ceremony in the English town of Windsor.

A smiling Jack in uniform

Eileen prior to her marriage
June 6th, D-Day
As 1944 arrived, Eileen had just turned 22 and was pregnant. On June 6th, D-Day wrote itself into the pages of history. Seven days later, Germany unleashed the first V-1 flying bombs upon Britain. The 21-foot-long V-1 was really the first cruise missile. It was rapidly named a “doodlebug” or “buzz bob.” Three weeks into the Doodlebug’s reign of terror, Eileen found herself taking refuge in a bomb shelter, very pregnant. In fact, she went into labor and gave birth underground with no doctor present. And so on July 3rd, 1944, Yvonne Jacqueline “Jackie” Breedlove was born, literally a war baby.
In August 1944, Paris was liberated. By year’s end, the Battle of the Bulge, in which Jack flew missions, marked the last great turning point of the war. 1945 found Eileen freshly turned 23 and a new mother of six-month-old Jackie. By May 8th, Germany had collapsed and the war in Europe was over. By August, victory over Japan occurred suddenly and the world was no longer at war.
Jack and Eileen faced a gigantic choice: would they make a new home in Britain or America? They were not alone as 70,000 American soldiers had married British women. The American congress passed the War Brides Act, opening the door for them to become Americans — the option chosen by Jack and Eileen. After months of waiting, Jack sailed home on a troop ship leaving Eileen and Jackie to wait another five months for transport.
Some lucky War Brides were assigned passage on cruise liners pressed into service, but the majority had to make do with uncomfortable cargo ships. Such was Eileen and Jackie’s fate when finally boarding in early summer. Worse, they had the misfortune to be placed on a decrepit ship operated by an incompetent crew. Conditions were much as one would have encountered on Atlantic sailing ships two centuries earlier. Disease broke out. Several infants died and were buried at sea. But Eileen and Jackie managed to stay healthy. Jackie had her second birthday, and Eileen was pregnant with their second daughter, Susan.
Arriving in New York, Eileen and daughters boarded a train for Asheville, watching as the landscapes of their new country rolled by behind the train window. Jack had committed to stay in the Air Force and picked up his family at the train station while on leave from his first assignment to Scott Air Force Base in Illinois. Before reporting for duty, they had several days to meet Jack’s family and share their home, and endure a bit of culture shock no doubt as England met America.

Eileen and Jack and their three daughters
Jack served an additional 15 years in the Air Force. He and his family moving regularly as assignments took him from base to base. Jack and Eileen had a third daughter, Sarah. The Korean War caused a long separation of 28 months, such that Sarah was two when she first met her father. In 1958, Jack served in England accompanied by Eileen and their daughters, Eileen’s first trip back since the war.
Upon retirement from active service, Jack, Eileen and family returned to Jack’s hometown of Toxaway, North Carolina, where both continued to lead lives of service. Jack served as County Tax Supervisor, then as Lake Toxaway Postmaster, and finally as a Baptist Minister. Both worked tirelessly to support the Lake Toxaway Community Center and their church, and to care for their family.
Pictured right: Chris Whitmire standing next to his grandmother’s picture in the Veterans History Museum of the Carolinas.

They Answered the Call
WWII Stories of Jack and Eileen Breedlove
The Veterans History Museum is pleased to announce its latest publication: They Answered the Call – WWII Stories of Jack and Eileen Breedlove, officially released on Valentine’s Day in honor of what would have been Jack and Eileen’s 82nd anniversary this February 2nd.
The stories were remembered and retold by their daughter Susan Breedlove and grandson Chris Whitmire, then authored and published respectively by museum volunteers John Luzena and Janis Allen. The title is taken from a line in the ATS marching song: “Freedom made the call and they answered.” The books will be available for purchase at the museum which is re-opening for the season on March 1st.
John will be available to sign books on March 1st from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. The book is also available on Amazon.com.

L-R: John Luzena, Susan Breedlove, Chris Whitmire, and Janis Allen with the newly released book: “They Answered the Call.”